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In addition, we showed that repetitive behaviour is more common in dogs that live without conspecifics, dogs that were given a low amount of exercise, dogs that lived in larger families, young dogs and elderly dogs, and neutered dogs. We also found a novel association between repetitive behaviour and the owner’s dog experience. We replicated findings from previous studies by revealing comorbidity between repetitive behaviour and behavioural factors aggressiveness, hyperactivity/impulsivity, and inattention. We collected comprehensive behavioural questionnaire data from almost 4500 Finnish pet dogs and studied the effect of several demographic, environmental, and behavioural factors on canine repetitive behaviour with logistic regression. The domestic dog spontaneously performs different repetitive behaviours, which can be severe and impair the quality of life and the dog-owner relationship. Repetitive behaviour ranges from variants of normal repetitive behaviours to abnormal repetitive behaviours. Success appears to depend on client understanding and compliance and the reasonable expectation that OCD cannot be cured, but can be well controlled. With appropriate treatment (consistent behavior modification and treatment with clomipramine), frequency and intensity of clinical signs in most dogs and cats may decrease by > 50%. Obsessive-compulsive disorder appears at the time of social maturity and may have sporadic and heritable forms. In cats, OCD may be associated with environmental and social stress. OCD in dogs does not appear to be associated with lack of training, lack of household stimulation, or social confinement. Only 1 dog and 1 cat were euthanatized because of OCD during the study. Clomipramine was significantly more efficacious for treatment in dogs than was amitriptyline.
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A combination of behavior modification and medication resulted in a large decrease in intensity and frequency of OCD in most animals. Client compliance with behavior modification was high. Most affected dogs lived in households with 2 or more humans and other dogs or cats, and had some formal training. Female cats outnumbered male cats by 2:1 in a small sample. Male dogs significantly outnumbered females (2:1). Most dogs affected with OCD had been obtained from breeders. Records of patients with OCD were analyzed for clinical features, medication used, extent of behavior modification, and outcome. To determine clinical features and outcome in dogs and cats with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD).